A recent report from Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) reveals that more than a third of the world’s tree species are threatened with extinction in the wild—surpassing the combined threat levels for birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians. Released during the UN biodiversity summit, COP 16, in Cali, Colombia, this update highlights critical conservation challenges as global leaders assess progress toward ambitious biodiversity goals.
Compiled with the expertise of over 1,000 scientists, the assessment shows that 38% of tree species face extinction, with primary risks coming from land clearing, agriculture, logging, pests, and diseases. Particularly affected species include magnolias, oaks, maples, and ebonies, illustrating the widespread nature of this biodiversity crisis. Emily Beech from BGCI notes that temperate regions are heavily impacted by these threats.
The implications are far-reaching, as trees provide habitats essential for numerous species. “Losing trees means losing many other species that rely on them,” said Steven Bachman from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, which is actively preserving tree species through seed collection and cultivation.
Beyond trees, the updated extinction red list highlights other vulnerable wildlife, such as the European hedgehog, affected by agricultural expansion, and migratory shorebirds like the grey plover and curlew sandpiper, whose populations are declining due to habitat loss.
The COP 16 summit, concluding November 1, is crucial as nations reassess commitments to conserve 30% of global lands and seas by 2030. However, significant obstacles remain, such as securing necessary funding and enhancing national conservation efforts.
